PVE8 上启用 12 代 Intel CPU 核显 SR-IOV

Intel 产品 GPU 虚拟化技术列表

原文连接：图形虚拟化技术支持每个英特尔®图形家族

核显虚拟化SR-IOV

PVE内核版本：6.8.12-4-pve

建议操作前更新一次源

apt update -y

安装必要的软件包

apt install build-* dkms git sysfsutils -y

安装所需版本的内核和头文件

apt install proxmox-headers-$(uname -r) proxmox-kernel-$(uname -r)

以下建议在home目录执行，所以现切换到home目录

cd ~

拉取最新i915-sriov-dkms

git clone https://github.com/strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms.git

进入i915-sriov-dkms目录

cd ~/i915-sriov-dkms

将当前目录中的内核模块添加到DKMS

dkms add .

添加完成后可以在/usr/src/目录看到已经添加进来的内核模块i915-XXXX

编译并安装该模块

dkms install i915-sriov-dkms/2025.02.03

执行以下命令，确认显卡ID是不是00:02.0

lspci | grep VGA

 确认后，调整内核命令行

nano /etc/default/grub

把GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 的参数值改成 intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=7 module_blacklist=xe

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=7 module_blacklist=xe"

这里要注意，如果要虚拟成7个核显，则i915.max_vfs=7；如果要虚拟成3个核显，则i915.max_vfs=3

更新grub和initramfs

update-grub
update-initramfs -u

建议再补充执行一次

pve-efiboot-tool refresh

启用VFs

echo "devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/sriov_numvfs = 7" > /etc/sysfs.conf

#注意，这里的sriov_numvfs = X"必须与上一步的i915.max_vfs=X 数值相同

如果你的显卡ID不是00:02.0，则也需要做相应的调整

重启PVE后执行

lspci | grep VGA

你就可以看到虚拟化的核显已经出现

最后，你就能通过VFs到LXCs或VMs。

切勿将00.02.0那个物理GPU / PF传递给VM，这会使所有其他VF崩溃。

官方指导

This repo is a code snapshot of the i915 module from https://github.com/intel/mainline-tracking/tree/linux/v6.12 and will randomly merge patches from the linux-stable tree.

This package is highly experimental, you should only use it when you know what you are doing.

You need to install this dkms module in both host and guest!

Tested kernel versions: 6.12.10-zen1/6.11.9-arch1/6.10.9-arch1/6.9.10-arch1/6.8.9-arch1 with ArchLinux

intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=7 module_blacklist=xe

Besides intel_iommu=on, the other 3 parameters could be applied by modprobe by putting following content to /etc/modprobe.d/i915-sriov-dkms.conf

blacklist xe
options i915 enable_guc=3
options i915 max_vfs=7

echo 1 > /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/sriov_numvfs

You can create up to 7 VFs on Intel UHD Graphics

For Arch Linux users, it is available in AUR. i915-sriov-dkms

You also can download the package from the releases page and install it with pacman -U.

1. Install build tools: apt install build-* dkms
2. Install the kernel and headers for desired version: apt install proxmox-headers-6.8 proxmox-kernel-6.8 (for unsigned kernel).

3. Download deb package from the releases page

   wget -O /tmp/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb "https://github.com/strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms/releases/download/2025.05.18/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb"

    
4. Install the deb package with dpkg: dpkg -i /tmp/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb
5. Once finished, the kernel commandline needs to be adjusted: nano /etc/default/grub and change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=7 module_blacklist=xe, or add to it if you have other arguments there already.
6. Update grub and initramfs by executing update-grub and update-initramfs -u
7. Optionally pin the kernel version and update the boot config via proxmox-boot-tool.
8. In order to enable the VFs, a sysfs attribute must be set. Install sysfsutils, then do echo "devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/sriov_numvfs = 7" > /etc/sysfs.conf, assuming your iGPU is on 00:02 bus. If not, use lspci | grep VGA to find the PCIe bus your iGPU is on.
9. Reboot the system.
10. When the system is back up again, you should see the number of VFs under 02:00.1 - 02:00.7. Again, assuming your iGPU is on 00:02 bus.
11. You can passthrough the VFs to LXCs or VMs. However, never pass the PF (02:00.0) to VM which would crash all other VFs.

We will need to run the same driver under Linux guests.

1. Install build tools

   apt install build-* dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r) linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r)
   

    

2. Download and install the .deb

   wget -O /tmp/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb "https://github.com/strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms/releases/download/2025.05.18/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb"
   dpkg -i /tmp/i915-sriov-dkms_2025.05.18_amd64.deb
   

    

3. Update kernel parameters nano /etc/default/grub and change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to i915.enable_guc=3 module_blacklist=xe, or add to it if you have other arguments there already.

   Example:

   GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 module_blacklist=xe"
   

    

4. Once that's done, update grub and initramfs, then reboot.

   update-grub
   update-initramfs -u
   

    

5. Once the VM is back up again, do dmesg | grep i915 to see if your VF is recognized by the kernel. You should also check if xe is blacklisted correctly by running lspci -nnk to see which driver is in use by the VF.

6. Optionally, install vainfo by running apt install vainfo, then do vainfo to see if the iGPU has been picked up by the VAAPI.

7. If OpenCL is desired:

   apt install intel-opencl-icd
   apt install clinfo
   clinfo
   

    

Thanks for resiliencer and his contribution in #225.

These steps ensure compatibility across all driver versions. In theory you can install any version and won't be hit by the dreaded Code 43.

1. Download UEFITools (UEFITool_NE_A68_win64 for Windows. They supply Linux and Mac binaries, too)
2. Download BIOS for motherboard (I suspect any motherboard BIOS would work as long as it is for Alder/Raptop Lake Desktop Platform)
3. Unzip BIOS
4. Use UEFITools (Run as Admin) to load the BIOS (usually .cap)
5. Go to Action - Search or use keyboard shortcut ctrl+F and search for Hex string 49006e00740065006c00280052002900200047004f0050002000440072006900760065007200
6. Double click the search result in the search column, it will highlight the item found within the BIOS.
7. Right click on the highlighted result and Extract body...
8. Save the file, file name and extension do not matter. I used intelgopdriver_desktop and it would save as intelgopdriver_desktop.bin.
9. You can also compare the checksum of the file:
   1. Windows Terminal Command: Get-FileHash -Path "path-to-rom" -Algorithm SHA256
   2. For desktop with UHD730 and UHD770: 131c32cadb6716dba59d13891bb70213c6ee931dd1e8b1a5593dee6f3a4c2cbd
   3. For ADL-N: FA12486D93BEE383AD4D3719015EFAD09FC03352382F17C63DF10B626755954B
10. You'll need to copy this file to /usr/share/kvm directory on Proxmox host. I uploaded it to a NAS and downloaded it with wget.

1. When setting up the machine, set CPU as host.
2. TIPS: You can skip the Microsoft Account setup by pressing Shift+F10 at the first setup screen and type OOBE\BYPASSNRO. The VM will reboot, and you can choose "I don't have Internet" option to set up a local account. Alternatively, you can remove the network device from the Windows VM.
3. When the setup process is done and you are at the Desktop, enable Remote Desktop and make sure your local account user has access. You can shut down the VM for now.
4. When the VM powered off, edit the configuration file:```

# Passing the 02.1 VF, specify the romfile. ROM path is relative

hostpci0: 0000:00:02.1,pcie=1,romfile=Intelgopdriver_desktop.efi,x-vga=1

5. In the Hardware tab, set Display to none.
6. Start the VM. You won't be able to access it with console, so your only way in is Remote Desktop. Once you are in, download the graphics driver from Intel, any version should work.
7. During install, you may experience black screen when the actual graphics drivers are being installed and applied. This black screen will persist until you restart the VM. My advice is give it a few minutes to do its thing. You can make your best judgement by looking at the VM CPU usage in Proxmox.
8. After rebooting, connect with RDP once again. Go to Device Manager and verify the result. You should see the Intel Graphics is installed and working.

See also: #8 (comment)

1. Install build tools: apt install build-essential dkms git / pacman -S base-devel dkms git.
2. Install the kernel and headers for desired version: apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r) / pacman -S linux-headers.
3. Clone the repository: git clone https://github.com/strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms.git.
4. Add the module to DKMS: dkms add ./i915-sriov-dkms.
5. Install the module with DKMS: dkms install i915-sriov-dkms/2025.05.18.
6. Once finished, the kernel commandline needs to be adjusted: nano /etc/default/grub and change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=7, or add to it if you have other arguments there already.
7. Update grub and initramfs by executing update-grub and update-initramfs -u / for Arch Linux grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg and mkinitcpio -P.
8. Optionally use sysfsutils to set the number of VFs on boot. Install sysfsutils, then do echo "devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/sriov_numvfs = 7" > /etc/sysfs.conf, assuming your iGPU is on 00:02 bus. If not, use lspci | grep VGA to find the PCIe bus your iGPU is on.
9. Reboot the system.

Remove the package with dpkg -P i915-sriov-dkms

Remove the package with pacman -R i915-sriov-dkms

Remove the dkms module with dkms remove i915-sriov-dkms/2025.05.18

GitHub连接：GitHub - strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms: dkms module of Linux i915 driver with SR-IOV support

PVE SR-IOV SR-IOV Linux i915

https://www.syntaxspace.com/article/2505201108075004.html